How did the Mamluks and the viziers become de-facto rulers of Baghdad, the capital of Abbasid Empire?
Your main objective in this writing assignment is to explain how, in an environment of anxiety and fear, revelation prevailed over reason in the Islamic Umma of the 11th century. Based on your readings of chapter 7 and especially chapter 8 ‘Enter the Turks’, explore some or all of the following guiding questions. How was […]